Best Doctor List Near You for Freiberg Disease (infraction) in Sao bernardo do campo

Freiberg Disease, also known as Freiberg's infraction, is a condition characterized by the avascular necrosis of the metatarsal head, most commonly affecting the second metatarsal bone of the foot. This condition typically occurs in adolescents and young adults, particularly between the ages of 10 and 18, and it has a higher prevalence in females, often linked to hormonal factors or increased foot mobility. The disease manifests as a progressive deterioration of the metatarsal head due to compromised blood supply, leading to pain, swelling, and limited mobility in the affected area. Patients often report insidious onset of pain during weight-bearing activities, which gradually intensifies and may eventually cause disruption in normal walking patterns. Initial symptoms may be mistaken for common foot injuries or other musculoskeletal issues, but as the condition progresses, distinctive features such as joint stiffness and deformity may emerge. The primary cause of Freiberg Disease is thought to relate to repetitive stress or trauma to the forefoot, which could lead to microfractures and subsequent ischemia of the metatarsal head. This lack of blood supply is critical, as the involved bone tissue becomes susceptible to necrosis, leading to the characteristic collapse and flattening of the metatarsal head. Other contributing factors may include mechanical factors such as foot structure, posture, and footwear choices that place excessive pressure on the forefoot. Hormonal influences, particularly in females, may also play a role, given the higher incidence among women and the potential link with activities that cause increased foot strain, like ballet dance or high-impact sports. Diagnostic evaluation typically involves clinical examination supported by imaging modalities such as X-rays or MRI to assess the degree of necrosis and any associated deformities. Treatment options vary depending on the severity of the disease and can range from conservative measures such as activity modification, orthotics, and physical therapy to alleviate pain and restore function, to more invasive procedures, including surgical interventions in advanced cases. Surgical options may include realignment of the metatarsal, bone grafting, or arthrodesis to stabilize the joint and alleviate symptoms. While Freiberg Disease can significantly affect foot function and mobility if left untreated, early intervention and adherence to a comprehensive treatment plan can lead to favorable outcomes, allowing patients to return to their activities with minimal discomfort. Overall, raising awareness about Freiberg Disease is crucial for early identification and management, as timely treatment can help prevent long-term complications and ensure better quality of life for those affected.